近年高考英语常考时态归纳与分类

近年高考英语常考时态归纳与分类

程训友

时态是英语教学中的一个重要内容,同时它也是学生学习英语过程中的重点和难点。在历年的高考英语中,对于时态的考查都占了相当大的比重。为了便于考生复习备考,笔者针对近几年高考英语试题中出现的常考时态进行了归纳与分类,希望能对大家有所帮助。

一、一般过去时

1.题干中有明显的时间状语

Judyisgoingtomarrythesailorshe____inRomelastyear.(2008重庆)

A.meetsB.met

C.hasmetD.wouldmeet

(选项中斜体字部分为正确答案,下同。)

2.虚拟语气的提示作用

1)Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit____

allday.(2008全国卷域)

A.rainedB.rains

C.hasrainedD.israining

2)Bobwouldhavehelpedusyes-terday,buthe____.(2010安徽)

A.wasbusyB.isbusy

C.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy

3.语境中体现出现在与过去在认识上的不同与冲突

1)Edward,youplaysowell.ButI____youplayedthepiano.(2009全国卷1)

A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknown

C.don’tknowD.haven’tknown

2)Whatweusedtothink____impossiblenowdoesseempossible.(2006天津)

A.isB.was

C.hasbeenD.willbe4.

动作发生在过去的一段时间,表示过去的一个事实

—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.I____FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.(2009四川)

A.studiedB.study

C.wasstudyingD.hadstudied

[延伸]根据语境判断,若表示过去的那段时间一直在做某事,则用过去进行时。例如院

—HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?要No,I____myhomeworkallday

yesterday.(2010全国卷玉)

A.wasdoingB.woulddo

C.haddoneD.do5.

上下文语境中的暗示

1)要Thefoodhereisniceenough.—Myfriend____mearightplace.(2009湖南)

A.introduces

B.introduced

C.hadintroduced

D.wasintroducing

2)You’vefailedtodowhatyou____toandI’mafraidtheteacherwill

blameyou.(2010四川)

A.willexpect

B.willbeexpected

C.expected

D.wereexpected

二、现在完成时

1.某一动作从过去一直延续到现在(包括过去和现在两个时段)

1)存在标志性的时间状语

(1)Progress____sofarverygoodandwesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.(2009全国卷)

A.wasB.hadbeen

C.hasbeenD.willbe

(2)Uptonow,theprogram____thousandsofchildrenwhowouldother-

wisehavedied.(2010山东)

A.wouldsaveB.saves

C.hadsavedD.hassaved

2)语境中体现有逐渐积累的过程

(1)ThepopulationofJiangsu____tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.(2009江苏)

A.hasgrownB.havegrown

C.grewD.aregrowing

(2)IfNewtonlivedtoday,hewouldbesurprisebywhat____insci-enceandtechnology.(2007天津)

A.haddiscovered

B.hadbeendiscovered

C.hasdiscovered

D.hasbeendiscovered

3)上下文语境中的暗示

(1)Danny____hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopu-lar.(2007福建)

A.worksB.isworking

C.hasworkedD.worked

(2)Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoes-n’ttastelikeanythingI____before.

(2005全国卷1)

A.washavingB.have

C.haveeverhadD.hadeverhad

2.过去的动作对现在造成的影响

1)Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit____.(2007北京)

A.hasruined

B.hadruined

C.hasbeenruined

D.hadbeenruined

2)Millionsofpounds’worthofdamage____byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.(2005重庆)

A.hasbeencaused

B.hadbeencaused

C.willbecaused

D.willhavebeencaused

[延伸]现在完成进行时院在现在完成时的基础上,更强调现在正在发生。例如院

IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI____alotlately.(2010陕西)

A.havebeencoughing

B.hadcoughed

C.coughed

D.cough

三、过去完成时

对于过去完成时这一时态,可简单地理解为院在过去某个动作之前,已经完成的行为。因此,辨别这一时态的关键是找到一个相对的参照物,由此进一步地进行判断是否应用过去完成时。例如院

—Wereyousurprisedbytheend-ingofthefilm?—No,I____thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.(2010安徽)

A.wasreadingB.hadread

C.amreadingD.haveread

四、一般将来时

1.用一般现在时表示将来

1)在if,when,before等连词引导的条件或时间状语从句中,从句部分常用一般现在时表示将来,或用现在完成时表示将来完成时。

(1)Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring,you____freshwatermeloninthefall.(2010浙江)

A.eatB.wouldeat

C.haveeatenD.willbeeating

(2)MyparentshavepromisedtocometoseemebeforeI_____forAfrica.(2009辽宁)

A.haveleftB.leave

C.leftD.willleave

(3)—Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?—Notuntilwe____ourplan.(2010四川)

A.willfinishB.arefinishing

C.aretofinishD.havefinished

2)对于在日程表或时间表上事先已经确定下来且将来会发生的事情,常用一般现在时表将来。这一用法常用在学校、汽车站、飞机场等场所。例如院

Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!

Flight4026____offat18:20.(2006四川)

A.takesB.took

C.willbetakenD.hastaken

2.句型:祈使句+and/or+句子(将来时态)

1)要HowcanIapplyforanonlinecourse?—Justfilloutthisformandwe____whatwecandoforyou.(2007北京)

A.seeB.areseeing

C.haveseenD.willsee

2)Startoutrightaway,____you’llmissthefirsttrain.(2006四川)

A.andB.but

C.orD.while

3.用现在进行时表示将来(常表示最近或较近的将来)

Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefas-tenyourseatbelts.Theplane____.(2006福建)

A.takesoffB.istakingoff

C.hastakenoffD.tookoff

常用于这种结构的动词有院go,come,leave,start,begin,run,leave,stay,

do,take等。这种用法往往指已经安排好的,一般不会更改且即将发生的动作。

4.begoingto表示“打算”

—Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?—Iamgoingtothecinemawith

somefriends.Thefilm____quiteearly,sowe____tothebookstoreafterthat.(2005重庆)

A.finished;aregoing

B.finished;go

C.finishes;aregoing

D.finishes;go

5.will表示临时做出的决定要DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?要Oh,no,Iforgot.I____hernow.(2005全国芋)

A.willbecallingB.willcall

C.callD.amtocall

[延伸]若表示将来某一刻要发生的事情,则用将来进行时。例如院要Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.—Hownice!You____adifferentculturethen.(2010福建)

A.willbeexperiencing

B.haveexperienced

C.havebeenexperiencing

D.willhaveexperienced

五、现在进行时和过去进行时(表示现在或过去正在发生的动作)

1.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?

Theweatherreport____andIwanttolisten.(2009湖南)

A.isbroadcast

B.isbeingbroadcast

C.hasbeenbroadcast

D.hadbeenbroadcast

2.—Didyouwatchthebasket-ballmatchyesterday?—Yes,Idid.Youknow,mybrother____inthematch.(2008安徽)

A.isplayingB.wasplaying

C.hasplayedD.hadplayed

[延伸]若表示目前正在发生的一种状态,要用现在进行时。例如院

Teenagers____theirhealthbe-causetheyplaycomputergamestoo

much.(2008重庆)

A.havedamagedB.aredamaging

C.damagedD.willdamage

六、一般现在时

1.客观事实(一般事实)

1)ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture____tothewell-educated.(2009重庆)

A.belongs

B.isbelonged

C.isbelonging

D.willbebelonged

2)Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespeare____hischaracterslive

throughtheirlanguageinhisplays.(2009福建)

A.willmakeB.hadmade

C.wasmakingD.makes

2.现在事实

1)Myparents____inHongKong.

Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.(2009天津)

A.liveB.lived

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近年高考英语常考时态归纳与分类
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