张文龙
云南师范大学外国语学院云南昆明650500
Abstract:Asfornewstranslation,thefoundationofnewstranslationiscomprehensionandthekeypointisexpression.Ifnewswithoutbettercomprehension,itstranslationwillbewithnopoint,evenwilldefeattheoriginalpurpose;ifnewswithoutaproperexpressionandifthetranslatorcannotqualifyhimself,thetranslationmustbeconfusedtoreaders.Onlywiththecorrectcomprehensionandaccurateexpression,thenewstranslationcanbemorecompleteandmorespecific.Therearetwomainwaystotranslatenews:literaltranslationormeta-phrasingandfreetranslationorparaphrasing.Thistwomethodshasdifferentusingconditionsindifferentpartsofnews.Thispapermainlydiscusstheusingconditionofliteraltranslationandfreetranslationinnewstranslation.
Keywords:newstranslation;comprehension;expression;literaltranslation;freetranslation
Partthree:Exampleanalysis
1.Therearesomeexamplesofliteraltranslationandfreetranslationexistedinourdailylife:
(1).Occupied;Vacant(onetoiletsignonsomecivilaviation)
Literaltranslation:被占着的；空着的
Freetranslation:有人；无人
(2).Yourssincerely(politewordsonletter)
Literaltranslation:您忠诚的
Freetranslation:谨上、谨启
Theseexamplesobviouslyshowthebetteroffreetranslation.Althoughliteraltranslationkeepstheoriginaltext’sliteralmeaningandsentencestructure,thetranslationisfarmorebeyondtherealmeaning.,evensomecannotunderstand.So,fromthispointofview,freetranslationcanhelpusalot.However,thisdoesnotmeanwecanonlyusefreetranslationinnewsreports.Forexample:
1.IraqiPresidentSaddamHusseinyesterdayputhiscountryonawarfooting,pidingitintofourmilitarydistrictsunderhisdirectcommand.
伊拉克总统萨达姆·侯赛因昨天把他的国家置于战争轨道，把全国划分为4个军区，由他直接指挥。
2.AdelegatefromShandongprovincesaidthat“IbelieveWenJiabaowilldoanevenbetterjobthanPremierZhubecauseheisyounger”
“Eachhashisinpidualstrengthsandabilities.WenJiabaomaynotseemveryprominentincharacteratthemoment,butIbelievehewilldevelophisownstrengthsinthefuture.”
一位来自山东的代表说：“我相信温家宝会比朱总理做的更好，因为他更年轻。”
他说；“他们两人各有自己的优势和能力。温家宝的个性现时看上去可能还不太突出，但我认为，他的优势日后会展现出来。”
Thefollowingexamplesareselectedfromthenewspapers,andwecanfigureoutthedifferenceandtheadvantageofliteralandfreetranslation:
1.Americansarenotwelcomehere.(anadvertisementinSeoul,SouthKorea)
Literaltranslation:美国人在这里不受欢迎。
Freetranslation:这里不欢迎美国人；或美国人恕不招待。
2.“Myconcernisthatifcountriestalkaboutusingavetoinallsetsofcircumstances,themessagethatsendstoSaddamHusseinis:‘You’reoffthehook’,”BritishPrimeMinsterTonyBlairsaid.
Literaltranslation:“我关心的是，如果国家谈论在所有情况下都会使用否决权，传递给萨达姆·侯赛因的信息就是：‘你脱钩了’。”英国首相托尼·布莱尔说。
Freetranslation:英国首相托尼·布莱尔说：“我担心的是，如果声言不论在任何情况下都会使用否决权，那么，这些国家传递给萨达姆的信息就是：‘大胆干吧，你不会有事的。’”
Actually,the2thexampleconnectsthetwomethod.Andalltheseexamplescansummaryinonesentenceaboutliteraltranslationandfreetranslation:Whenitcannotuseliteraltranslationtotranslatenews,itshouldusefreetranslation;ifitcanuseboth,thenusetheliteraltranslationfirst;andmostly,itshouldbetranslatedbythecombinationofliteralandfreetranslation.
Conclusion
Tosumupalltheexamples,wecanfigureoutthatliteraltranslationandfreetranslationaretwomainmethodstotranslatenewsreports.Infact,thereisnospecifictranslationwithliteralorfreemethodinnewstranslation.Literaltranslationcanmakebothmeaningexpressionandoriginalform.Thepriorityofliteraltranslationistoexpressmeaning,andthenkeepformintact.Innewstranslation,wemaycannotunderstandthetranslation,thatisbecausewehavenobackgroundinformationordonotknowthecultureofthatcountry.Underthissituation,wemayusefreetranslation.FreetranslationmeansthatthemeaningexpressionisnotlimitedbySLfrom.Usingfreetranslationcanreviewthedeepmeaningandthelanguagevalueofthenews.Freetranslationisatranslationthatproducesthegeneralmeaningoforiginaltext.Itmayormaynotcloselyfollowtheformororganizationoforiginal,whichdifferfromliteraltranslation.Literaltranslationandfreetranslationmaybealternativelyusedintheprocessoftranslation.Theyarecomplimentary,insteadofcontradictory.Inthisway,wecanfindoutthatinnewstranslation,weshouldnotonlyexpressthetruemeaningoftheoriginalnewsbutalsomakesurethetranslationcanbeunderstoodbythetargetreader,andthisisthedutyofbothreporterandtranslator.
Reference
1.刘其中.《英汉新闻翻译》.北京：清华大学出版社,2009.7
2.刘洪潮.《怎样做新闻翻译》.北京：中国传媒大学出版社,2005
3.VideNida,TheTheoryandPracticeofTranslation,p.5.
4.VideNida,FromOneLanguagetoAnother,p.11.
作者简介：张文龙，男，汉族，云南师范大学2016级MTI硕士研究生。研究方向：英语笔译