导读:本文包含了自然发病率论文开题报告文献综述、选题提纲参考文献及外文文献翻译，主要关键词:发病率,自然,田间,肝脏,门静脉,葡萄,淋巴管。
自然发病率论文文献综述
李文凤,张荣跃,黄应昆,王晓燕,单红丽[1]（2019）在《不同品种不同植期甘蔗白叶病自然发病率调查与巢式PCR检测分析》一文中研究指出甘蔗白叶病(Sugarcane white leaf,SCWL)是一种世界性的甘蔗毁灭性病害,对甘蔗生产危害极大。为明确不同甘蔗品种对甘蔗白叶病植原体(Sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma)的抗性,探明甘蔗品种抗性对病害发生流行的影响。本研究对SCWL严重发病蔗区云南耿马主栽及主推甘蔗品种粤糖86-368、粤糖93-159、ROC22、盈育91-59、ROC25、粤糖60号、柳城05-136不同植期甘蔗白叶病田间自然发病率进行调查,并采集了780份样品进行SCWL植原体巢式PCR检测。田间调查结果表明,不同品种田间自然发病率不同,其中粤糖86-368平均发病率75%(严重田块高达90.33%)、粤糖60号平均发病率73.5%、ROC22平均发病率59.66%、ROC25平均发病率55%、粤糖93-159平均发病率37%,盈育91-59平均发病率29.89%,柳城05-136平均发病率13.67%;所有品种宿根蔗均比新植蔗发病严重,宿根年限越长发病越重。SCWL植原体阳性检出率为70%～100%,其中柳城05-136平均阳性检出率为96.67%、粤糖86-368平均阳性检出率为95.56%、粤糖60号平均阳性检出率为95%、粤糖93-159平均阳性检出率为92.50%、ROC25平均阳性检出率为91.67%、ROC22平均阳性检出率为91.34%,盈育91-59平均阳性检出率为90.95%;从植期上看,1年新植平均阳性检出率为90%,2年宿根平均阳性检出率为91.43%,3年宿根平均阳性检出率为96.67%。研究结果明确了7个主栽及主推品种对甘蔗白叶病植原体的自然抗性,为生产用种选择和有效防控甘蔗白叶病提供了依据。(本文来源于《中国植物保护学会2019年学术年会论文集》期刊2019-10-23）
吕苗苗,纳莹,孙牧笛,徐全智,顾沛雯[2]（2017）在《宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄病毒病田间自然发病率调查及检测》一文中研究指出对宁夏贺兰山东麓8个酿酒葡萄种植地区8个葡萄品种的病毒病田间自然发病情况进行调查,采用RT-PCR方法,检测了40份样品中GLRaV-1~5这5种葡萄卷叶伴随病毒的感染率。结果表明:宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄主要病毒病有葡萄卷叶病、扇叶病和栓皮病,其中葡萄卷叶病尤为严重;不同酿酒葡萄种植区和品种间葡萄卷叶病的感染存在着差异,老葡萄种植区中品种间葡萄卷叶病发病率明显高于新葡萄种植区的品种;"蛇龙珠"和"黑比诺"是感染葡萄卷叶病毒的主要品种,发病率高达85.1%和52.7%;利用5种葡萄卷叶伴随病毒引物进行RT-PCR检测,检出3种病毒类型,且GLRaV-3的检出率最高,为87.5%。(本文来源于《北方园艺》期刊2017年13期）
唐科,唐光鹏,李克洪[3]（2014）在《册亨县龙滩水电站库区自然疫源性疾病涉淹前后发病率分析》一文中研究指出目的比较册亨县龙滩水电站库区涉淹前后炭疽、乙脑及疟疾等自然疫源性疾病发病情况,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学的分析方法对册亨县2000-2011年炭疽等自然疫源疾病疫情资料进行分析。结果从2000年以来,册亨县炭疽、乙脑发病率一直处于下降趋势,发病率分别波动在0.41/10万~20.62/10万、0.82/10万~7.38/10万,且乙脑从2008年后均处较低发病水平;疟疾从2006年后发病率一直处于上升趋势,波动在3.15/10万~43.85/10万,高峰期在2006-2009年。涉淹乡镇涉淹前后比较,炭疽、乙脑发病率涉淹前高于涉淹后,差异有统计学意义(炭疽U=12.7,P<0.01,乙脑U=3.91,P<0.05);疟疾发病率涉淹前低于涉淹后,差异有统计学意义(U=7.49,P<0.01)。结论龙滩水电站库区涉淹镇涉淹后,由于疫源地的变化,部分炭疽历史疫源地被淹没于水中,可能降低了动物间的炭疽发病率,从而也降低人群发病的风险。乙脑、疟疾发病与媒介密度有关,涉淹后增加了蚊媒的孳生地,同样增加了人群发病的风险。可通过预防接种乙脑疫苗,开展健康教育,实施灭蚊、防蚊等措施降低发病率。(本文来源于《医学动物防制》期刊2014年05期）
D.,Marin,A.,Galluzzo,A.,Plessier,G.,Brancatelli,D.,Valla[4]（2011）在《门静脉海绵样变病人合并局灶性结节增生样病变的发病率、MR征象及自然史》一文中研究指出目的回顾性分析门静脉海绵样变性(CTPV)病人发生局灶性结节增生(FNH)样病变的发病率、MR征象、自然变化史。材料与方法此回顾性研究经IRB允许,病例包括2000年—2008年间进行过MR检查的58例(男32例,女26例;平均年龄50岁)CTPV病人。病人的MR图像由2(本文来源于《国际医学放射学杂志》期刊2011年06期）
涂梅英[5]（2010）在《自然增长数学模型在肝炎发病率预测中的应用》一文中研究指出在传染病管理工作中,长期、系统地观察某种疾病的发生和传播,确定其变动趋势的统计预测是疾病监测工作的重要内容之一。为此,本文以病毒性肝炎为例,应用自然增长数学模型预测其近期发病率,以其为管理者作出决策提供依据。(本文来源于《医学信息》期刊2010年07期）
刘静,赵冬,王薇,刘军,孙佳艺[6]（2007）在《北京自然人群代谢综合征发病率及影响因素的研究》一文中研究指出目的:探讨北京自然人群代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MetS)的发病规律及影响因素。方法:1999年在北京城乡自然人群中采用分层随机抽样方法建立了25~64岁男女两性共1304人的心血管病研究队列。2004年对该人群进行了随访和第2次危险因素调查。2次调查资料完整者893人。本研究对基线时未患MetS的617人5年后MetS的发病情况进行了分析。结果:1.本队列人群1999-2004年5年间MetS的累积年龄标化发病率为12.7%。2.采用多因素Logistic模型调整了年龄、性别等因素的影响后,基线有冠心病家族史、缺乏体育锻炼、胰岛素抵抗和具有MetS的任一组分均可增加MetS的发病危险,其中腹型肥胖对MetS的预测作用最强(OR=5.34,P<0.001)。3.调整其他因素的影响后,基线具有1个和2个MetS组分者5年后发生MetS的危险分别为没有任何组分者的4.39倍和12.48倍。结论:早期预防,特别是肥胖的预防,在MetS及相关的心血管病和糖尿病防治中起着至关重要的作用。(本文来源于《心肺血管病杂志》期刊2007年02期）
Missmer,S.A.,Spiegelman,D.,Hankinson,S.E.,朱亮[7]（2006）在《自然头发颜色和子宫内膜异位症的发病率》一文中研究指出Objective: To investigate a previously hypothesized relation between natural hair color and endometriosis.Design: Prospective cohort study.Setting: Nurses'Health Study II with 10 years of follow- up.Participant(s): A total of 90, 065 women, 25- 42 years old, who had never been diagnosed with endometriosis, infertility, or cancer at baseline in 1989.Main Outcome Measure(s): Incidence of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis according to natural hair color.Result(s): During 379, 422 person- years of follow- up, 1, 130 cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosiswere reported among women with no past infertility.After adjusting for age, calendar time, parity, race, and body mass index at age 18, we observed no association overall.However, compared with women with any other hair color, we observed an increased rate of endometriosis among women with naturally red hair who had never been infertile (incidence rate = 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0- 1.7)- , but a decreased rate among women with naturally red hair among women who were infertile (incidence rate = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2- 1.2); P value, test for heterogeneity = .03.Conclusion(s): Overall, we did not observe a significant relation between red hair color and the rate of endometriosis, however this prospective cohort study suggests that the relation may differ by infertility status.(本文来源于《世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册)》期刊2006年09期）
张东,赵继宗[8]（2006）在《颅内囊性动脉瘤的发病率、自然史和破裂的危险因素》一文中研究指出在一般人群中,颅内动脉瘤的发病率大约在2.3%左右。女性发病率略高于男性,男女比例为1∶1.3;多发性动脉瘤所占的比率至少达20%。50%以上的动脉瘤在病人死亡时尚未发生过破裂;未破裂动脉瘤每年破裂出血的危险为1.9%。颅内囊性动脉瘤发生破裂出血导致的死(本文来源于《继续医学教育》期刊2006年13期）
Downes,S.M,Hambleton,I.R,A.C.,Bird,王永强[9]（2006）在《增生性镰状红细胞视网膜病的发病率与自然发病史:队列研究的观察结果》一文中研究指出Objective: To describe the incidence, prevalence, and natural history of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSR). Design: Prospective longitudinal study over 20 years. Participants: Newborn screening of 100000 consecutive deliveries from 1973 to 1981 identified 315 children with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease and 201 with SS-hemoglobin C (SC) disease. By the age of 5 years, 307 SS patients and 166 SC patients were alive and living in Jamaica and were recruited for this ophthalmic study. Methods: Description of retinal vascular changes on annual angiography and angioscopy. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence and prevalence of PSR and its behavior on follow-up. Progression of PSR was investigated using the number of eyes affected (none, one, both) and the interval until PSR onset. Results: At last review in January 2000, PSR had developed in 59 patients (14 SS, 45 SC), unilaterally in 36 patients and bilaterally in 23. Incidence increased with age in both genotypes, with crude annual incidence rates of 0.5 cases (95%confidence interval CI, 0.3-0.8) per 100 SS subjects and 2.5 cases (95%CI, 1.9-3.3) per 100 SC subjects. Prevalence was greater in SC disease, and by the ages of 24 to 26 years, PSR had occurred in 43%subjects with SC disease and in 14%subjects with SS disease. Patients with unilateral PSR had a 16%(11%SS, 1 7%SC) probability of regressing to no PSR and a 14%(16%SS, 13%SC) probability of progressing to bilateral PSR. Those with bilateral PSR had an 8%(8%SS, 8%SC) probability of regressing to unilateral PSR and a 1%(0 SS, 2%SC) probability of regressing to a PSR-free state. Irretrievable visual loss occurred in only 1 of 82 PSR-affected eyes, and 1 required detachment surgery and recovered normal visual acuity. Conclusions: Longitudinal observations over 20 years in a cohort of patients followed from birth confirms a greater incidence and severity of PSR in SC disease, and shows that spontaneous regression occurred in 32%of PSR-affected eyes. Permanent visual loss was uncommon in subjects observed up to the age of 26 years.(本文来源于《世界核心医学期刊文摘.眼科学分册》期刊2006年03期）
Malone,F.D.,Ball,R.H.,Nyberg,D.A.,杨晓梅[10]（2005）在《妊娠早期隔膜水囊状淋巴管瘤的发病率、自然病程及儿科结局》一文中研究指出Objective: To estimate prevalence, natural history, and outcome of septated cystic hygroma in the first trimester in the general obstetric population, and to differentiate this finding from simple increased nuchal translucency. Methods: Patients at 10.3-13.6 weeks of gestation underwent nuchal translucency sonography as part of a multicenter clinical trial. Septated cystic hygroma cases were offered chorionic villi sampling for karyotype, and targeted fetal anatomical and cardiac evaluations. Survivors were followed up for fetal and long-term pediatric outcome (median 25 months, range 12-50 months). Cases of septated cystic hygroma were also compared with cases of simple increased nuchal translucency. Results: There were 134 cases of cystic hygroma (2 lost to follow-up) among 38,167 screened patients (1 in 285). Chromosomal abnormalities were diagnosed in 67 (51% ), including 25 trisomy-21, 19 Turner syndrome, 13 trisomy-18, and 10 others. Major structural fetal malformations (primarily cardiac and skeletal) were diagnosed in 22 of the remaining 65 cases (34% ). There were 5 cases (8% ) of fetal death and 15 cases of elective pregnancy termination without evidence of abnormality. One of 23 (4% ) normal survivors was diagnosed with cerebral palsy and developmental delay. Overall, survival with normal pediatric outcome was confirmed in 17% of cases (22 of 132). Compared with simple increased nuchal translucency, cystic hygroma has 5-fold, 12-fold, and 6-fold increased risk of aneuploidy, cardiac malformation, and perinatal death, respectively. Conclusion: First-trimester cystic hygroma was a frequent finding in a general obstetric screening program. It has the strongest prenatal association with aneuploidy described to date, with significantly worse outcome compared with simple increased nuchal translucency. Most pregnancies with normal evaluation at the completion of the second trimester resulted in a healthy infant with a normal pediatric outcome.(本文来源于《世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册)》期刊2005年11期）
自然发病率论文开题报告
（1）论文研究背景及目的
此处内容要求：
首先简单简介论文所研究问题的基本概念和背景，再而简单明了地指出论文所要研究解决的具体问题，并提出你的论文准备的观点或解决方法。
写法范例：
对宁夏贺兰山东麓8个酿酒葡萄种植地区8个葡萄品种的病毒病田间自然发病情况进行调查,采用RT-PCR方法,检测了40份样品中GLRaV-1~5这5种葡萄卷叶伴随病毒的感染率。结果表明:宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄主要病毒病有葡萄卷叶病、扇叶病和栓皮病,其中葡萄卷叶病尤为严重;不同酿酒葡萄种植区和品种间葡萄卷叶病的感染存在着差异,老葡萄种植区中品种间葡萄卷叶病发病率明显高于新葡萄种植区的品种;"蛇龙珠"和"黑比诺"是感染葡萄卷叶病毒的主要品种,发病率高达85.1%和52.7%;利用5种葡萄卷叶伴随病毒引物进行RT-PCR检测,检出3种病毒类型,且GLRaV-3的检出率最高,为87.5%。
（2）本文研究方法
调查法：该方法是有目的、有系统的搜集有关研究对象的具体信息。
观察法：用自己的感官和辅助工具直接观察研究对象从而得到有关信息。
实验法：通过主支变革、控制研究对象来发现与确认事物间的因果关系。
文献研究法：通过调查文献来获得资料，从而全面的、正确的了解掌握研究方法。
实证研究法：依据现有的科学理论和实践的需要提出设计。
定性分析法：对研究对象进行“质”的方面的研究，这个方法需要计算的数据较少。
定量分析法：通过具体的数字，使人们对研究对象的认识进一步精确化。
跨学科研究法：运用多学科的理论、方法和成果从整体上对某一课题进行研究。
功能分析法：这是社会科学用来分析社会现象的一种方法，从某一功能出发研究多个方面的影响。
模拟法：通过创设一个与原型相似的模型来间接研究原型某种特性的一种形容方法。
自然发病率论文参考文献
[1].李文凤,张荣跃,黄应昆,王晓燕,单红丽.不同品种不同植期甘蔗白叶病自然发病率调查与巢式PCR检测分析[C].中国植物保护学会2019年学术年会论文集.2019
[2].吕苗苗,纳莹,孙牧笛,徐全智,顾沛雯.宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄病毒病田间自然发病率调查及检测[J].北方园艺.2017
[3].唐科,唐光鹏,李克洪.册亨县龙滩水电站库区自然疫源性疾病涉淹前后发病率分析[J].医学动物防制.2014
[4].D.,Marin,A.,Galluzzo,A.,Plessier,G.,Brancatelli,D.,Valla.门静脉海绵样变病人合并局灶性结节增生样病变的发病率、MR征象及自然史[J].国际医学放射学杂志.2011
[5].涂梅英.自然增长数学模型在肝炎发病率预测中的应用[J].医学信息.2010
[6].刘静,赵冬,王薇,刘军,孙佳艺.北京自然人群代谢综合征发病率及影响因素的研究[J].心肺血管病杂志.2007
[7].Missmer,S.A.,Spiegelman,D.,Hankinson,S.E.,朱亮.自然头发颜色和子宫内膜异位症的发病率[J].世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册).2006
[8].张东,赵继宗.颅内囊性动脉瘤的发病率、自然史和破裂的危险因素[J].继续医学教育.2006
[9].Downes,S.M,Hambleton,I.R,A.C.,Bird,王永强.增生性镰状红细胞视网膜病的发病率与自然发病史:队列研究的观察结果[J].世界核心医学期刊文摘.眼科学分册.2006
[10].Malone,F.D.,Ball,R.H.,Nyberg,D.A.,杨晓梅.妊娠早期隔膜水囊状淋巴管瘤的发病率、自然病程及儿科结局[J].世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册).2005
论文知识图
