基于电子平台的众包物流动态匹配问题研究

论文摘要

沿着东非北部走廊的返程空载会造成不必要的成本支出,从而导致东非共同体贸易成本的增加。本文主要研究如何通过动态匹配平台来解决走廊沿线的返程空载问题,并进一步评估该平台减少返程空载的潜力。部分地或完全减少返程空车可以大大提高运营效率,优化卡车运力、行驶时间、卡车燃料等运输资源的利用率,提高运输作业的盈利能力。通过切实可行的返程运输,承运人可以同时从去程和返程中获得收益,从而提供更具竞争力的运输价格。以往获得货源的方法,例如传统的协作模式和经纪人模式,都不太有效。由于这些方法无法有效地实现信息可视化并维护隐私,因此在获取信息和匹配车货方面的率存在较大的局限性。虽然承运人可以通过自发的合作来减少返程空驶,但信息共享引起的个人隐私的考虑,成为开展合作阻碍,导致承运人往往错失获得回程货源的机会。通过动态匹配平台进行的众包物流具有巨大的潜在优势,可以促进返程运输。信息和通信技术的应用,使承运人能够在保护隐私的前提下交换运输请求信息。平台通过整合实时监控、地理信息、历史地理信息分析以及用户偏好等来自于所有众包参与者的信息,促进车货自动匹配。利用共享单车的动态匹配理念,本文建立了一个关于托运人货物和承运人卡车动态匹配的模型。通过算例验证了车货动态匹配减少返程空驶的可行性。分析结果显示,随着参与者人数规模的增加,车货匹配的绩效也不断提高。此外,允许车辆绕路也增大了匹配成功率。本研究展示了承运人如何利用众包平台来识别并实时匹配托运人货源以减少返程中的空驶运力,最终从资源整合中受益。基于众包的返程运输可以带来显著的经济和社会效益。对于承运人来说,它可以有效地解决返程空驶问题,因而具有较大的低成本优势。通过将托运人的货物众包,它可以有效地利用承运人的返程空车运力,从而达到降低运输成本、缓解交通拥堵、减少空气污染的预期结果。

论文目录

Acknowledgement

摘要

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 THE EAST AFRICA NORTHERN CORRIDOR

1.2 WHAT DRIVES POOR TRUCK（EMPTY BACKHAULS）UTILIZATION IN THE REGION?

1.2.1 Disequilibrium in the import-export trade

1.2.2 Competitive dynamics and the need for just-in-time deliveries

1.2.3 Poorly monitored optimization potentials due to lack of collaboration

1.2.4 Low Adoption of ICT Systems and Technologies

1.2.5 Intermodal competition from standard gauge railway

1.2.6 Weak Supportive Policies from Both the Private and Public Sector

1.3 EAST AFRICA INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE,AN OPPORTUNITY TO BACKLOAD

1.4 PROBLEM DEFINITION:EMPTY BACKHAULS

1.5 OBJECTIVES

1.6 SCOPE OF RESEARCH

1.7 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH

1.8 OUTLINE OF THE THESIS

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 A QUEST FOR COST REDUCTION AND NEED FOR MAXIMUM TRUCK UTILIZATION

2.2 BACKLOADING-AN OPPORTUNITY FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY

2.3 PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS TO BACKLOADING AND THEIR SHORTCOMINGS

2.3.1 Cargo brokerage via agencies

2.3.2 Collaboration

2.3.3 Foldable Containers

2.3.4 Load Boards

2.4 UTILIZING ICT SYSTEMS TO COUNTER POOR TRUCK UTILIZATION

2.4.1 Real-time truck monitoring

2.4.2 Backload identification

2.4.3 Shipment consolidation

2.5 CROWD LOGISTICS

2.6 HOW ADOPTING ICT HELPS CROWDSOURCE CARGO

2.6.1 Enables for the creation of a market place platform

2.6.2 Supports Peer-to-Peer Collaboration

2.6.3 Facilitates the Acquisition of Information, Data and Data Analytics

2.7 SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS

CHAPTER 3: NORTHERN CORRIDOR BACKLOADING OPPORTUNITIES

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 TRADE IN THE EAST AFRICA REGION

3.2.1 International trade

3.2.2 Intra-regional trade

3.2.3 Local trade

3.3 DESCRIPTION OF CARRIERS ALONG THE CORRIDOR

3.3.1 Small sized transport companies

3.3.2 Medium sized transport companies

3.3.3 Large sized transport companies

3.4 DESCRIPTION OF SHIPPERS ALONG THE CORRIDOR

3.4.1 Shippers with local bound cargo

3.4.2 Shippers with regional bound cargo

3.4.3 Shippers with international bound cargo

3.5 ANALYSIS OF SHIPPERS' EXPECTATIONS OF CARRIERS

3.5.1 Frequency and flexibility and time

3.5.2 The Cost of transport

3.5.3 Reliability, safety, and security

CHAPTER 4: THE CROWDSOURCED LOGISTICS PLATFORM

4.1 GENERAL RESEARCH DESIGN

4.2 PLATFORM INTERACTIONS

4.3 OPERATION OVERVIEW

4.3.1 Shippers

4.3.2 Carriers

4.3.3 The platform as the third party

4.4 HOW THE APPLICATION PLATFORM WORKS

4.5 MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE PLATFORM

4.5.1 The Software Client

4.5.2 Server System

4.5.3 Database

4.5.4 Main ICT technologies facilitating the working of the platform

4.6 BENEFITS OF DIGITAL CARGO MATCHING

CHAPTER 5: THE MATCHING MODEL

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION IN AN ONLINE BIPARTITE FASHION

5.3 MODEL DESCRIPTION

5.4 MODEL FORMULATION

5.4.1 Assumptions

5.4.2 Constraints related to origin-destination route

5.4.3 Continuity Constraints

5.5 OBJECTIVE FUNCTION

5.6 SOLUTION APPROACH

5.7 NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT

5.7.1 Inputs description

5.7.2 Simulation event description

5.8 MODEL FEASIBILITY

5.9 RESULTS OF THE MATCHING EXPERIMENT

CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION

6.1 CONCLUSION

6.2 CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTATION

6.3 IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

6.4 SUMMARY

References

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

APPENDIX C

作者简历及攻读硕士/博士学位期间取得的研究成果

学位论文数据集

文章来源

类型: 硕士论文

作者: TUNDUNY COLLINS KIPROP

导师: 黄帝

关键词: 返程空驶,返程运输,众包物流,数字化车货匹配,信息和通信技术

来源: 北京交通大学

年度: 2019

分类: 基础科学,经济与管理科学

专业: 数学,宏观经济管理与可持续发展

单位: 北京交通大学

分类号: F252;O29

总页数: 107

文件大小: 10225K

下载量: 88

基于电子平台的众包物流动态匹配问题研究

论文摘要

论文目录

文章来源

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